An Appraisal of the Role of Nurses in COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy at University of Jos Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical role of nurses in public health, particularly in promoting vaccine acceptance and addressing hesitancy. As trusted healthcare providers, nurses influence public attitudes toward vaccination through direct patient interaction, community engagement, and health education (World Health Organization [WHO], 2023).
At the University of Jos Teaching Hospital, nurses have been at the forefront of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Their roles include administering vaccines, dispelling myths, and encouraging uptake among skeptical populations. However, vaccine hesitancy—driven by misinformation, cultural beliefs, and mistrust in healthcare systems—remains a significant barrier to achieving herd immunity (Eze & Agbo, 2024).
This study appraises the role of nurses in influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy, emphasizing their contributions and the challenges they face in promoting public health.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, hesitancy remains a major public health concern in Nigeria. Nurses play a vital role in combating this hesitancy, but their efforts are often constrained by limited resources, inadequate training, and systemic mistrust among the public.
At the University of Jos Teaching Hospital, the extent to which nurses have influenced vaccine acceptance and hesitancy has not been adequately documented. Understanding their role is essential for improving vaccination strategies and addressing barriers to vaccine uptake.
Objectives of the Study
1. To evaluate the role of nurses in promoting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance at the University of Jos Teaching Hospital.
2. To identify factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy and how nurses address these factors.
3. To propose strategies for enhancing nurses' effectiveness in combating vaccine hesitancy.
Research Questions
1. What roles do nurses play in promoting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance at the University of Jos Teaching Hospital?
2. What factors contribute to vaccine hesitancy, and how do nurses address these issues?
3. What strategies can enhance nurses’ effectiveness in reducing vaccine hesitancy?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses play a significant role in promoting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
2. Vaccine hesitancy is influenced by misinformation, cultural beliefs, and systemic mistrust.
3. Targeted strategies can improve nurses’ effectiveness in addressing vaccine hesitancy.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on nurses at the University of Jos Teaching Hospital involved in COVID-19 vaccination campaigns. It excludes other healthcare providers and community health workers. Limitations include potential bias in self-reported data and the exclusion of perspectives from vaccine recipients.
Definitions of Terms
• Vaccine Acceptance: The willingness of individuals to receive a recommended vaccine.
• Vaccine Hesitancy: Reluctance or refusal to receive vaccines despite availability.
• Nurses’ Role: The actions and responsibilities undertaken by nurses to promote vaccination and reduce hesitancy.
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